Search results for " PERISTALSI"

"In medio stat virtus": Concentration-dependent effects of GABA on colonic motor patterns in mice

2013

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In the enteric nervous system, GABA (gamma amino butyric acid) has been shown to modulate neuronal activity via activation of different GABAergic receptors. The consequences of this modulation remain poorly understood and depend on the region of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract or on the animal species examined. Although several studies have been addressed the role of GABA as neuromodulator in the upper part of GI tract, accumulating data suggest that it may play a key role also in GI distal tract function in health and disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of GABA in both spontaneous and electrically-evoked contractions and in the perista…

Alteration of Esophageal Peristalsis by Pentagastrin in Patients with Diffuse Esophageal Spasm

1975

Although it has been shown that gastrin and gastric alkalinization affect the lower esophageal sphincter, in vivo studies have not demonstrated a measurable effect of pentagastrin on esophageal peristalsis. In 9 patients with diffuse esophageal spam and in 10 control subjects esophageal peristalsis was recorded before and after pentagastrin infections. Subcutaneous pentagastrin increased peak amplitude significantly more in patients, 31.2 +/- 8.1 mm Hg (mean +/- S.E.M.), than in controls, 12.1 +/- 5.1 mm Hg (P less than 0.02). Max. duration of contraction waves in patients showed a rise of 11.3 +/- 2.7 sec as compared to controls, 1.9 +/- 0.9 sec (P less than 0.01). The effect of pentagastr…

GABA & “LITTLE BRAIN”: RUOLO EMERGENTE NEL CONTROLLO DELLA MOTILITÀ INTESTINALE

2013

L’acido gamma-ammino butirrico (GABA) è ampiamente riconosciuto come principale neurotrasmettitore inibitore nel sistema nervoso centrale dei mammiferi. Tuttavia numerose evidenze sperimentali suggeriscono una sua azione anche a livello del sistema nervoso enterico (o “little brain”), sezione del sistema nervoso periferico deputata al controllo della funzionalità del tratto gastrointestinale (GI). Dal momento che, ad oggi, gli effetti del GABA rimangono ancora non chiari e sembrerebbero dipendere dalla porzione del tratto GI considerata o dal modello animale esaminato, lo scopo di questo lavoro è stato quello di studiare l’effetto del GABA sulla contrattilità della muscolatura circolare del…

2018

Intestinal electrical stimulation via implants is already used to treat several disorders like constipation or incontinence. Stimulation parameters are most often empiric and not based on systematic studies. One prerequisite to evaluate effects of intestinal electrical stimulation is a direct assessment of intestinal motility. Some common methods are strain gauge transducers or manometry. With both the methods, it is not possible to record the exact 3-D movement. Therefore, we established a new method to record gastrointestinal motility with ultraminiaturized accelerometers, directly glued to the outer surface of the stomach, small intestine, and colon. With this technique, we were able to …